Women’s Rights in Saudi Arabia Essay Example for Free

Women’s Rights in Saudi Arabia Essay While researching information about women’s rights in Saudi Arabia, I found a few articles that confirm that the Saudi guardianship system continues to treat women as minors. These articles contain valuable information about the requirements for women in the conservative Kingdom. Under these requirements, girls and women are forbidden from studying, work, or even traveling without the permission from their male guardian. While many women are fighting for their rights, there is evidence that some women in Saudi Arabia do not want change because of the fear. My goal is to make a big impact in the world, in order to help these women, who deserve to be treated as human beings. In Saudi culture, the sharia is interpreted according to a strict Sunni form known as the way of the Salaf. The law is unwritten, leaving judges with significant discretionary power, which they usually exercise in favor of tribal customs. â€Å"It’s the culture, not the religion,† is a Saudi saying. Many Saudis do not see Islam as the main impediment to women’s rights. Said one female journalist, â€Å"If the Qur’an does not address the subject, then the clerics will err on the side of caution and make it haram. The driving ban for women is the best example.† Women in many other Islamic nations, have more political power than Saudi women. The 2009 Global Gender Gap Report that, Kyrgyzstan, Gambia, and Indonesia significantly higher than Saudi Arabia for women’s equality. In 2006, a government poll found that over 80 percent of Saudi women do not think women should drive or work with men and hold political office. I think this is due to the custom and the fear feel by these women. They don’t know what they are missing , for that reason I thin k they need a change in their life because women are not animals, we live now in the 21st and they can’t still live I the past. MALE GUARDIAN All females must have a male guardian, typically a father or husband. The guardian has rights over the woman in many aspects of civic life. Depending on the guardian, women may need their guardians permission for: marriage and divorce; travel, if under 45; education; employment; opening a bank account; elective surgery, particularly when sexual in nature. Guardianship requirements are not written law. They are applied according to the customs and understanding of particular officials and institutions as hospitals, police stations, banks, etc. In a 2010 interview with the New York Times, Noura Abdulrahman, a female employee of the Saudi Ministry of Education, defended male guardianship as providing protection and love. In Saudi culture, women have their integrity and a special life that is separate from men. As a Saudi woman, I demand to have a guardian. My work requires me to go to different regions of Saudi Arabia, and during my business trips I always bring my husband or my brother. They ask nothing in return—they only want to be with me. The image in the West is that we are dominated by men, but they always forget the aspect of love. People who aren’t familiar with Shariah often have the wrong idea. If you want stability and safety in your life, if you want a husband who takes care of you, you won’t find it except in Islam. In 2008, Rowdha Yousef and other Saudi women launched a petition â€Å"My Guardian Knows What’s Best for Me, which gathered over 5,000 signatures. The petition defended the status quo and requested punishment for activists demanding equality between men and women, mingling between men and women in mixed environments DRESS CODE I think it is too much that these women had a dress code. Why they cant use normal cloths? For me it’s all about to take control of the women. Traditionally, womens clothing must not reveal anything about her body. It is supposed to be thick, opaque, and loose. It is also required to be a dull color, unadorned, and generally not of interest to the male. It should not resemble the clothing of men. Although the dress code is often regarded in the West as a highly visible symbol of oppression, Saudi women place the dress code low on the list of priorities for reform or leave it off entirely.[46] Journalist Sabria Jawhar complains that Western readers of her Huffington Post blog are obsessed with her veil. She calls the niqab trivial: (People) lose sight of the bigger issues like jobs and education. That’s the issue of women’s rights, not the meaningless things like passing legislation in France or Quebec to ban the burqa Non-Saudis presume to know what’s best for Saudis, like Saudis should modernize and join the 21st century or that Saudi women need to be free of the veil and abaya And by freeing Saudi women, the West really means they want us to be just like them, running around in short skirts, nightclubbing and abandoning our religion and culture. A majority of women say they want to wear the veil. They cite Islamic piety, pride in family traditions, and less sexual harassment from male colleagues. For many women, the dress code is a part of the right to modesty that Islam guarantees women. Some also perceive attempts at reform as anti-Islamic intrusion by Westerners: They fear Islam, and we are the worlds foremost Islamic nation. SEX SEGREGATION Women and men must minimize social interaction. Most offices, banks, and universities have separate entrances for men and women. According to law, there should be physically and visually separate sections for the sexes at all meetings including weddings and funerals. Many Saudi homes have one entrance for men and another for women. Private space is associated with women while the public space, such as the living room, is reserved for men. Traditional house designs use high walls, compartmentalized inner rooms, and curtains to protect the family and particularly women from the public. As a practical matter, gender mixing is fairly common in parts of daily life. Women customarily take taxis driven by men. Many households have maids, who mix with the non-mahram men of the households. Maids, taxi drivers, and waiters tend to be foreigners, which are sometimes used as a reason to be less strict about segregation. EMPLOYMENT Girls are taught that their primary role is to raise children and take care of the household. According to Saudi culture, a womans place is at home and a mans place is at the workplace. Saudi sharia allows women to work, provided it does not lead to her neglecting her essential duties of homemaking. Women may also work if it is necessary for their support, such as a widow with children. Women are allowed to work as long as their husbands or their male guardians approve of the work. Her work must also be deemed suitable for the female physique and mentality. It is forbidden for women to be appointed as judges, and positions of high public office are also reserved for men. Teaching and nursing are common professions for women. EDUCATION Approximately 71% to 78% of females are literate, in comparison to 85% literacy rates in males. More women receive secondary- and tertiary-education than men. Fifty percent of working women have a college education, compared to 16 percent of working men. In contrast, in 1970, only 2% of women were literate. Now Saudi Arabia is planning to build a new city exclusively for women as it bids to combine strict Sharia law and career minded females, pursuing work. The plan coincides with the governments ambitions to get women to play a more active part in the development of the country. Among the stated objectives are to create jobs, particularly for younger women. Im sure that women can demonstrate their efficiency in many aspects and clarify the industries that best suits their interests, their nature and their ability, Modon’s deputy director-general, Saleh Al-Rasheed, told Saudi daily newspaper al-Eqtisadiah. CONCLUSION After researching all this information, I conclude that women in Saudi Arabia need to have right and be treat as equal as a men. This is going to make a big impact into their life because they need chance to express themselves, freedom of speech, and at the same time, they need to express their opinions without an appropriate manner. Remember, women are human and they had feelings, they are not an animal. Works Cited Ed Husain.† Why Womens Rights in Saudi Arabia Are Still So Bad.† The atlantic.Web.28Sep.2011. Human Rights Watch: http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-saudi-arabia

Ferm Life Cycle Essays -- essays research papers

Ferm Life Cycle Introduction:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This essay will discuss the fern life cycle as taught in biology lab. The essay will cover the basic process which we used to grow a fern. I will discuss the methods and the results of the lab exercise. Finally, I will discuss the evidence of the methods and results that were obtained . Methods and Results:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin our experiment we obtained a petri dish from our lab instructor which contained fern spores and the food they needed to survive. We then look at the spores through the micro scope. It was to soon to see anything but little green dots. We then put our petri dishes under a light until next week.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When we came in next week we observed our fern spores through the dissecting microscope. We looked to see if we could find anything germinating. We quickly noticed something that appeared like an air bubble squirting out something green. This was our fern spore which was germinating. Next, we removed a few of the germinating spores from the petri dish and put them under a compound microscope scope. We found the spore wall and observed how the developing gametophyte had broken through the wall, as instructed by our lab manuals. One could also identify the chloroplasts with in the cell. We then put up our dishes for another week.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The third week of our fern lab we identified the difference between male and female gametophyt...

Got Milk Study Essay

â€Å" Got Milk? † 1. You are the California Mike Processor Board (CMPB) and your advertising agency was the originator of the successful â€Å"got milk? † campaign. Now all milk producers, including your competition are using the same advertising. How might you establish points of difference from your competitors selling milk? * Spread a new kind of portable packaged dairy beverage. It’s mainly made from milk but with fresh taste, which is distinguished from the pure milk. Also, it has many flavors, like peanut, almond, cashew nut, coffee, blueberry, banana, apple and other fruits. Expand â€Å"Got milk? † meaning, added it with â€Å"Got Milk Today? † and â€Å"Just Drinking Milk for Fun†. * Switching consumers’ traditional concepts that â€Å"I should† to â€Å"I want†. The new message aims to remind customers the possibility of â€Å"drinking milk when you just want a drink† instead of regarding milk only as â€Å"a necessity with cereal†, †an accompaniment with cookies and sandwiches† or â€Å"an ingredient in coffee, milkshakes and soup†. * Launching a new campaign to persuade consumers that the new milk beverage can be drunk not only in the breakfast, but also in any occasions people want to have a drink. Also, this kind of new dairy drink is suitable for any age, not specific for the youth or children. * Expand the distribution channels that consumers can easily access to this dairy beverage, especially in the restaurant, fast food chains, convenient stores, vender machine, etc. 2. Create your â€Å"brand image† of milk. What are the key associations of milk in the minds of consumers and how have you arrived at your answer? * Our brand image is â€Å"Got Milk For Fun Today! †, which means consumers can drink this dairy beverage anytime and anywhere, when they want to drink something, as the same as they want to drink sodas, juice, coffee, tea or hot chocolate. The new California dairy beverage is made from milk containing rich calcium and protein, which is healthier than sodas; it is more tasty than milk itself since it has been made into various flavored beverages; and it has convenient bottled-package as other beverages which can be drunk in the fancy restaurant, at school, in the gym, in driving-car, even in a bar. * According to the UDIA national consumer survey results, most people think milk is a healthy drink, a good source of calcium, a need for youth, as well as adults. And usually people drink milk when they eat breakfast with cereal, lunch with sandwiches, dinner with family meal. In a word, people are seldom â€Å"willing† to drink milk itself and few people would think of milk as beverage outside home. * Therefore, we want to change the â€Å"serious food† image into a kind of â€Å"entertainment† with the idea â€Å"Drink Milk for Fun†. We attempt to impress consumers that this flavored healthy dairy beverage is also can drink outside when you talk with friends, walk to somewhere, dine out with family, etc. The â€Å"end-users health benefits of milk† are just moderately motivation, but â€Å"have fun† can be a more effective motivator. We want to build up a new connection between fluid dairy and consumers’ interests in our brand image to remind consumers that milk is not a â€Å"forgettable† beverage in everyone’s life. 3. What is more important for the successful long—term growth of milk, â€Å"brand performance† or â€Å"brand imagery† and why? * â€Å"Brand performance† describes how well the product or service meets customers’ more functional needs. * â€Å"Brand imagery† depends on the extrinsic properties of the product or service, including the ways in which the brand attempts to meet customers’ psychological or social needs. * Brand imagery is more important for the long-term success of milk growth. * Since milk is a kind of product which owns high awareness among end-users, everyone knows it’s healthy, but it doesn’t mean that they have desire to consume it, especially for its old-fashion and serious image. Therefore, it’s more important for us to change the traditional brand imagery in customers’ mind, especially the purchase and usage situations. As most customers consume milk only with other food and only at home for breakfast, to increase the purchase and consume of milk, the first thing is to increase the possible occasions for milk consume in customers’ mind. * In addition, customers know milk’s brand performance well, so it won’t be that helpful for long-term growth if we focus on the functional needs. However, consumers who are high â€Å"self-monitors† and sensitive to how others see them are more likely to choose brands whose personalities fit the consumption situation. So it’s more effective to advertise psychological and social needs, to establish the associations with â€Å"fun†, and provide customers with fresh feelings and ideas about milk, like what â€Å"Got Milk? † have done years ago. 4. What are the Points of Parity and the Points of difference for milk versus other beverages consumed at breakfast? * Since there are various beverages, we discuss the parity and difference based on the different kinds of beverage. * Point of Parity of milk versus other beverage: Fruit juice, coffee, tea & Milk: necessary for people at breakfast Fruit juice & Milk: contain rich nutrition. Coffee, tea & Milk: various flavors * Point of difference of milk versus other beverages: First, milk is a necessity with cereal and some other food in the breakfast. Unlike fruit juice, milk can be an ingredient in the morning coffee and tea. Second, it’s a healthy benefit for growth and good source of calcium, which cannot be replaced by any other beverage. In addition, comparing with addiction to caffeine by drinking coffee, milk drinking for years only benefits people’s health. Last but not least, milk is relatively cheaper than other beverage. 5. The â€Å"Got milk? † advertising campaign in some form has run for over ten years. What can the California Milk Processors Board do to keep the message and strategy fresh in the consumer’s minds? * In this more than-ten year campaign, the â€Å"Got Milk† and â€Å"Milk Mustache† are still fun but not enough to catch consumers’ eyes. No matter how wonderful the â€Å"Got Milk? † campaign is, year after year, people will be fed up with the same message and strategy. * To retrieve the energy of advertising, we deliver some new messages and strategy to bring some fresh air into â€Å"Got Milk? † campaign. Adding the new element â€Å"Drink Milk for Fun† in the â€Å"Got Milk? † means changing the â€Å"milk is as boring as a beverage could possibly be† image in consumers’ minds. As a result, it appeals consumers to keep the interests in consuming more milk. * Engage consumers in the new campaign. Increase consumers’ awareness of drinking more milk by lunching promotion include the free sample-drinking on the downtown street, direct mail with coupon, social activity like dairy fan club etc. * Ultimate goal is to remind consumers to think of milk as a kind of beverage and to drink milk itself, or better, drink more. The new element in advertise will also recall people’s good memory of the â€Å"Got Milk? † in the past.

Analysis of London by William Blake Essay - 991 Words

Historic poetry is unique in the respect that it gives readers an insight into a certain historic time period that textbooks cannot provide. Historic poetry not only gives a description of the time period but it allows the readers to connect to the emotions of the poet and to a point experience what it would have felt to live in that era. This is the case with William Blake’s poem London. London not only describes the horrid condition of England’s lower class during the industrial revolution but it also connects this description with a strong emotion response from the speaker. Blake’s stylistic and structure choices through out the poem paint a dark and morbid view of London but the emotion of the poem remains divide. The words of the†¦show more content†¦The speaker’s apparent age suggests that London is a poem of experience rather than innocence. This is an important distinction because the experience of the speaker means that he is old enough t o envision an ideal world and to ask questions and make judgment towards the people in power. It is from the format of the speaker’s judgments and questions that the poem is able to evoke the two emotions of sympathy and bitterness in the readers. The delivery of the speaker’s comments about London’s inhabitants creates a separation between him and the events of the poem. The speaker makes mention of people but it is always of what they have left behind or what he can hear from them. For example the speaker says â€Å"In the cry of every Man† ( Blake 5) instead of saying he sees the men crying. The wording of the statements implies that the speaker is not talking to the lower class of London but rather using them as examples to address and chastise the upper class for ignoring the hardships that continue to endure around them. However, because he is not directly interacting with the people who need his help, it feels like he is doing this for his own gain and that he is just using the people to prove a point about the running of the government. He could have chosen any negative aspect of life in London but settled on the lower class because their suffering is the most noticeable. This evokes a stronger sense of sympathy form the readers towards theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of William Blake s London1186 Words   |  5 Pagespoem essentially the only account of the event that is happening. William Blake’s â€Å"London† from his collection of poems Songs of Experience uses poetry of witness to castigate London as a place of happiness by exposing the oppression of the common people by a dominating government and elite class. Blake notices the inequalities of London and he describes the people he sees as sad, suffering, and stagnated by their environment. Blake uses strong imagery, repetition, and metaphor to present the archetypeRead MoreSongs of Good and Evil1545 Words   |  7 Pagesall describe William Blake’s life (Greenblatt, Abrams, Lynch, Stillinger). Blake was born November 28, 1757 in London, England and his artistic ability became evident in his early years. Blake had a very simple upbringing and had little education. His formal education was in art and at the age of fourteen he entered an apprenticeship with a well-known engraver who taught Blake his skills in engraving. In Blake’s free time, he began reading writing poetry. At the age of twenty-one, Blake completed hisRead MoreThe Sick Rose vs. London: a Poetic Comparison1225 Words   |  5 PagesThe Sick Rose vs. London: A poetic Comparison William Blake was a renowned poet whose works continue to be recognized long after his death. Blake was more than a poet he was also a painter and printmaker. Often his engraving art would act as the accompanying image to his poetry. Throughout his lifetime the British poet wrote several poems. The vastRead More William Wordworths London and William Blakes Upon Westminster Bridge1041 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and contrast London and Upon Westminster Bridge. Show how the two poets express differing views of London with detailed analysis of the texts and using background research. Refer to styles, techniques and effects of the poetry. Give your own responses. Both William Wordworths London and William Blakes Upon Westminster Bridge were written at the turn of the 19th century in Georgian times to illustrate the authors views of London. During this period the industrial revolutionRead MoreIn Many Ways, Poetry Has The Ability To Shape The Minds1226 Words   |  5 Pageswas William Blake. His poetry has inspired much change in both the past and the present. An analysis of â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper,† one of Blake’s most popular works, can help many to understand the significance of his work in a time period when social riot was visible in the public’s eyes. By exploring the writing style, structure and imagery in this poem, as well as identifying the importance of symbolism, a conclusion can be made concerning the purpose of this poem. Learning more about William BlakeRead MoreEssay on Analysis of William Blakes Poem London521 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of William Blakes Poem London London by William Blake is a poem characterised by its dark and overbearing tone. It is a glimpse at a period of Englands history (particularly London) during war and poverty, experienced by the narrator as he walks through the streets. Using personification it draws a great human aspect to its representation of thoughts and beliefs of the narrator. The author uses a rhyme scheme that mirrors the pace of walking. The pace is moderate using an octameterRead MoreThe Lamb by William Blake Essay755 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Essay COURSE # and TITLE: ENGL 102-D42 LUO: Composition and Literature SEMESTER OF ENROLLMENT: Fall D 3013 Thesis Statement: The Lamb written by William Blake is a beautiful spiritually enriched poem that expresses God’s sovereignity, His love for creation and His gentleness in care and provisions for those that are His . I. Introduction †¢ Author †¢ Little Lamb II. Question of creation †¢ Little Lamb who made you. 1. Provision of Needs Read More An Analysis of Blakes The School Boy Essay1745 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Blakes The School Boy  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   The School Boy is a typical example of Blakes Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience in its themes and imagery. Like many of the other poems in this work it deals with childhood and the subjugation of its spirit and uses imagery from the natural world. While first published in 1789 as one of the Songs of Innocence there are strong reasons why Blake moved it to the Experience1 section of the 1794 edition. If we compare it to other poems inRead MoreAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKES SONGS2960 Words   |  12 PagesAN ANALYSIS OF WILLIAM BLAKE’S SONGS OF INNOCENCE AND OF EXPERIENCE AS A RESPONSE TO THE COLLAPSE OF VALUES TIMOTHY VINESâˆâ€" Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience are a much studied part of the English canon, and for good reason. Blake’s work depicts a quandary that continues to haunt humanity today: the struggle of high-order humanity against the ‘real’ rationality and morals of institutionalised society. This essay seeks to explore both Blake’s literary reaction to the Enlightenment and theRead MoreWilliam Blake s `` The Angel `` And `` A Little Girl Lost ``1306 Words   |  6 Pagesof this research paper is to introduce William Blake and give a brief background information about his life. In addition, this research paper will also provide: An analysis of two different poems wrote by William Blake, the message of both poems, how his life might have influenced his poems, and which other factors influenced him to write these poems. â€Å"The Angel†, â€Å"Love’s Secret† and â€Å"A Little Girl Lost† are some of the famous poems wrote by William Blake. For a long time, people ignored his art

Embracing The Change Of Language - 1704 Words

Embrace the Change of Language Introduction In the modern society, although the language we use have entered into a relatively stable status, it is still subject to dynamic changes and innovations. Across the world, there is no community thatcan maintain invariable means of expression. All languages are evolving along with time. Besides, history has repeatedly testified that changes, developments and improvements in language area constantly ongoing process that has reasons behind them (Moody, 2003). There is no doubt that modern languages are far more comprehensive than those in ancient times. A large number of outdated words were forgotten and discarded, and large quantities of expressions have been invented and created. Many reasons, such as social division, different usage frequency and language exposure, may lead to language changes and become the direct causes for the changes of sounds, spelling as well as grammar, etc (Hickey, 2003). in fact, people have been involuntarily adjusting themselves to languages changes and ev en actively participated in the process of creating language changes. Against this backdrop, this essay is dedicated to exploring the types of language changes, the reasons and causes behind these changes, the inevitability of changes and what should we do about the changes. To begin with, language change, according to the authors of Handbook of Pragmatics, falls into two main types, namely, external change and internal change (Verschueren, Ãâ€"stman andShow MoreRelatedCulture And Diversity : An Instrumental Aspect Of The Business Environment Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesinto a relatively challenging world of huge and wide differences among people in an organization. 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Current studies show that the parents discourage their Deaf children to participateRead MoreChanges Associated With The Clt Paradigm Shift, Learner Autonomy, The Social Nature Of Learning Essay925 Words   |  4 Pagespost-positivism and from behaviourism to cognitivism† (p.5), Jacobs and Farrell (2003) identifies eight major changes associated with the CLT paradigm shift: learner autonomy, the social nature of learning, curricular integration, the focus on meaning, diversity, thinking skills, alternative assessment, and the role of teachers as co-learners. They emphasise that this constellation of interconnected changes needs to be applied in a â€Å"holistic manner† (p.24) to increase the chances of success in implementing

The Natural, Because My Passion Is Sports - 1291 Words

I chose the book, The Natural, because my passion is sports. I also heard that The Natural was a blockbuster in the cinemas so I decided this had to be my choice. This book did not completely match my expectations. Before I started reading I expected that The Natural would tell the story of a baseball legend’s career and achievements. The story was almost the exact opposite. Roy Hobbs, a young, talented, and ambitious baseball player goes to Chicago to try out for the Cubs. He meets a girl, Harriet, on the train to Chicago whom he immediately falls in love with. Things quickly go wrong as she shoots him when he visits her hotel room in Chicago. This not only seriously injures him, but also keeps him from playing professional baseball for 15 years, putting him past his athletic prime. After Roy enters professional baseball in his thirties, he has a few short years in the league and eventually cracks up and beats up his coach and manager. He would end up jobless and never be able to play baseball again. Nothing goes right for Roy and the baseball gods looks to be against him. The Natural isn’t a story of an athlete’s glorious career as I expected, but a talented player’s career and life going to waste. The story also shows the dark side of sports such as cheating and match fixing. I am undecided about recommending this book. This story’s plot is depressing but reflects the sad reality of many sports stars past their prime. I would not recommend this book to anyone who isShow MoreRelatedWhy Soccer Is so Popular1015 Words   |  5 PagesWhy is soccer so popular? Many people in the U.S. often ask: â€Å"why soccer is so boring? Some time they can’t even score!† In my person opinion, I do not think soccer is boring; in fact, it is really fun to play, soccer or football as it is known throughout the world, is the most popular sport in the world, and also requires a huge amount of skills. 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Set construction of Billy Elliot Essay Example For Students

Set construction of Billy Elliot Essay Billy Elliot opens with the projection of black and white documentary/newsreel footage onto a large screen which is suspended within the proscenium arch of the stage. The film is genuine footage of the miners strike and shows both police and workforce in situations of protest, conflict and division. As the film extracts conclude,  The screen drops to the stage floor to reveal the basic set.  During the production, this set is manoeuvred hydraulically into a number of different positions to suit the action of the piece. Essentially elements of the basic set were very realistic impressions of both interior and exterior buildings in the mining community. The centrepiece is the Community Hall, complete with stage where much of the action is focused.  The set at Stage Right and Stage Left is largely a realistic reconstruction of the halls interior. There are windows along each wall and at Stage Left there is a small bar. The colours used for the interior are drab and muted. At Downstage Right is a rounded exterior construction with double doors. The suggestion is of rendered brickwork painted in a faded red and it looks like the entrance to a public house. Although it is obviously an exterior, the actors often use it as an entrance and exit from the Community Hall. At one point it becomes the entrance to Mrs Wilkinsons home. During this scene a snow effect was well-managed as Billys father waited in the street to attempt making peace with the dance teacher. At Stage left is a cutaway section which reveals the kitchen of a typical terraced house of the period. The units are painted a bright tangerine and all the utensils and fittings are genuine. This is a completely realistic feature of the set. To help suggest the hardship that the miners are experiencing, there is little food in the kitchen.  The attention to detail in this realistic set extends to the designer allowing for the viewpoint of individuals sitting in the Grand Circle as we were. Seen from above, all the walls in cross-section were sculpted and coloured to closely resemble genuine brickwork. At the Upstage end of the hall is a small stage. A pair of swing doors positioned centrally, allow characters to enter the hall. At Stage left is a piano. There are small windows placed at either side of the doors which are framed with faded curtains. A row of coat pegs are positioned at Stage Right and are used by the dancing class when they change.  Steps connect this stage to the main floor of the hall. The hall is seen as the base for the boxing club and the dance class, it is also the focus for all social gatherings including the Christmas Party. The floor looks to be constructed from parquet and its herring bone pattern is distinctive. When the action of the production requires it, the walls of the hall can be withdrawn to Stage Right and Stage Left and the hall stage can be neatly separated. This is managed hydraulically using a groove system. The system allows the basic set to return precisely to the position seen at the opening of the show. The small stage is moved from Downstage to an Upstage position during the opening of the second act. As the realistic set is withdrawn, a false stage setting is lowered into position from the fly tower. This conceals the hall interior and creates the impression of an almost empty stage. To add to this impression a lighting bar is also lowered into position upstage. This was most noticeable during the audition scene.  The basic impression generated by the fixed set is that of a rundown community. All the colours are generally faded and fittings look old and worn. The furniture in the hall is shabby, the piano looks battered. There are no bright colours to create a zing point.